In a TFBG, the grating planes are angled relative to the fiber axis instead of perpendicular to it. This tilt couples light into cladding modes, producing a series of resonance peaks alongside the usual core-mode reflection.
The cladding-mode resonance wavelengths are highly sensitive to the refractive index of whatever surrounds the fiber cladding, making TFBGs effective refractive-index and surrounding-medium sensors — something a standard FBG can't do.
Tilt angles from 1° to 45° are available, selected based on the desired cladding-mode resonance strength for your sensing application.
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